Follow the parts. Change a control. See how a whole system responds.
These explanations connect an observable change with the mechanism behind it. Each includes an interactive model, a written walkthrough, source references and the assumptions that limit the demonstration.
← All explanationsDownforce grows with the square of speed, so doubling speed quadruples it. Dynamic pressure, q = ½ρV², sets the push; with density, area and coefficient fixed, this model's index is 100 × (V / 80 m/s)². Drag power grows with the cube of speed. It is a teaching relationship, not a force measurement or wind-tunnel result.
Explore the model and explanation →A waterjet propels a boat by taking in water beneath the hull and accelerating it toward the stern. An enclosed impeller drives the flow through fixed guide vanes and a nozzle. Turning the nozzle redirects the jet for steering; lowering a reversing bucket sends the discharge forward without reversing the impeller. Try both changes in this cutaway model.
Explore the model and explanation →